合金管(Alloy pipe)是無縫鋼管的一種,合金管分為結(jié)構(gòu)用無縫管及高壓耐熱合金管。主要區(qū)別于合金管的生產(chǎn)標準及其工業(yè),對合金管進行退火調(diào)質(zhì)改變它的機械性能。達到所需要的加工條件。其性能比一般的無縫鋼管多變利用值較高,合金管化學(xué)成分中含Cr比較多,耐高溫、耐低溫、耐腐蝕的性能。普碳無縫管中不含合金成分或者合金成分很少,合金管在石油、航天、化工、電力、鍋爐、軍工等行業(yè)的用途比較廣泛的原因因為合金管的機械性能多變化好調(diào)整。
無縫管執(zhí)行標準
中國國家標準
GB/T8162-2018
GB/T8163-2018
GB/T3087-2018
GB/T6479-2018
GB/T9948-2018
GB/T5310-2018
ASME SA210 —— 美國鍋爐及壓力容器規(guī)范
ASME SA213 —— 美國鍋爐及壓力容器規(guī)范
DIN17175 ——聯(lián)邦德國工業(yè)標
尺寸公差
鋼管種類 | 外徑(D) | 壁厚(S) |
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冷拔無縫鋼管 | 鋼管外徑(mm) | 允許偏差(mm) | 鋼管壁厚(mm) | 允許偏差(mm) |
>30~50 | ±0.3 | >3~20 | ±10% |
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標準 | 牌號 | 抗拉強度(MPa) | 屈服強度(MPa) | 伸長率(%) | 硬度 |
GB3087 | 10# | 335~475 | ≥195 | ≥24 | / |
20# | 410~550 | ≥245 | ≥20 | / |
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GB/T5310 | 20G | 410~550 | ≥245 | ≥24 | / |
20MnG | ≥415 | ≥240 | ≥22 | / |
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25MnG | ≥485 | ≥275 | ≥20 | / |
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15CrMoG | 440~640 | ≥235 | ≥21 | / |
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12Cr2MoG | 450~600 | ≥280 | ≥20 | / |
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12Cr1MoVG | 470~640 | ≥255 | ≥21 | / |
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12Cr2MoWVTiB | 540~735 | ≥345 | ≥18 | / |
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10Cr9Mo1VNb | ≥585 | ≥415 | ≥20 | / |
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ASME SA210 | SA210A-1 | ≥415 | ≥255 | ≥30 | ≤143HB |
SA210C | ≥485 | ≥275 | ≥30 | ≤179HB |
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ASME SA213 | SA213 T11 | ≥415 | ≥205 | ≥30 | ≤163HB |
SA213 T12 | ≥415 | ≥220 | ≥30 | ≤163HB |
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SA213 T22 | ≥415 | ≥205 | ≥30 | ≤163HB |
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SA213 T23 | ≥510 | ≥400 | ≥20 | ≤220HB |
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SA213 T91 | ≥585 | ≥415 | ≥20 | ≤250HB |
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SA213 T92 | ≥620 | ≥440 | ≥20 | ≤250HB |
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DIN17175 | ST45.8/Ⅲ | 410~530 | ≥255 | ≥21 | / |
15Mo3 | 450~600 | ≥270 | ≥22 | / |
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13CrMo44 | 440~590 | ≥290 | ≥22 | / |
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10CrMo910 | 480~630 | ≥280 | ≥20 | / |
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標準 | 牌號 | 化學(xué)成分(%) |
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C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | Cu | Ni | V | Al | W | Ti | Nb | N |
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GB3087 | 10 | 0.07~0.13 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.38~0.65 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 0.3~0.65 | / | ≤0.25 | ≤0.30 | / | / |
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20 | 0.17~0.23 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.38~0.65 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 0.3~0.65 | / | ≤0.25 | ≤0.30 | / | / |
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GB5310 | 20G | 0.17~0.24 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.35~0.65 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.08 |
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20MnG | 0.17~0.24 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.70~1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.08 |
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25MnG | 0.18~0.24 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.80~1.10 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.15 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.25 | ≤0.08 |
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15CrMo | 0.12~0.18 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.40~0.70 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 0.80~1.10 | 0.40~0.55 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 |
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12Cr2MoG | 0.08~0.15 | ≤0.50 | 0.40~0.70 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 2.00~2.50 | 0.90~1.20 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 |
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12Cr1MoV | 0.08~0.15 | 0.17~0.37 | 0.40~0.70 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 0.90~1.20 | 0.25~0.35 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 | 0.15~0.30 |
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12Cr2MoWVTiB | 0.08~0.15 | 0.45~0.75 | 0.45~0.65 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 1.60~2.10 | 0.50~0.65 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.30 | 0.28~0.42 |
| 0.30~0.55 | 0.08~0.15 | B 0.002~0.008 |
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10Cr9Mo1VNb | 0.08~0.12 | 0.20~0.50 | 0.30~0.60 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | 8.00~9.50 | 0.85~1.05 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.40 | 0.18~0.25 | ≤0.015 |
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| 0.06~0.10 | 0.03~0.07 |
ASME SA210 | SA210A-1 | 0.13~0.19 | ≥0.1 | 0.45~0.65 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
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SA210C | 0.18~0.24 | ≥0.1 | 0.80~1.10 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
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ASME SA213 | SA213 T11 | 0.05~0.15 | 0.50~1.0 | 0.30~0.60 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 1.00~1.50 | 0.50~1.00 |
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SA213 T12 | 0.05~0.15 | ≤0.50 | 0.30~0.61 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 0.80~1.25 | 0.44~0.65 |
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SA213 T22 | 0.05~0.15 | ≤0.50 | 0.30~0.60 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.010 | 1.90~2.60 | 0.87~1.13 |
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SA213 T23 | 0.04~0.10 | ≤0.50 | 0.10~0.60 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 1.90~2.60 | 0.05~0.30 |
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| ≤0.030 | 1.45~1.75 | B 0.0005~0.006 | 0.02~0.08 | ≤0.040 |
SA213 T91 | 0.08~0.12 | 0.20~0.50 | 0.30~0.60 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | 8.00~9.50 | 0.85~1.05 |
| ≤0.40 | 0.18~0.25 | ≤0.015 |
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| 0.06~0.10 | 0.03~0.07 |
SA213 T92 | 0.07~0.13 | ≤0.50 | 0.30~0.60 | ≤0.020 | ≤0.010 | 8.50~9.50 | 0.30~0.60 |
| ≤0.40 | 0.15~0.25 | ≤0.015 | 1.50~2.00 | B 0.001~0.006 | 0.04~0.09 | 0.03~0.07 |
DIN 17175 | ST45.8/Ⅲ | ≤0.21 | 0.10~0.35 | 0.40~1.20 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 |
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15Mo3 | 0.12~0.20 | 0.10~0.35 | 0.40~0.80 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 |
| 0.25~0.35 |
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13CrMo44 | 0.10~0.18 | 0.10~0.35 | 0.40~0.70 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | 0.70~1.10 | 0.45~0.65 |
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10CrMo910 | 0.08~0.15 | ≤0.50 | 0.30~0.70 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.020 | 2.00~2.50 | 0.90~1.10 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.30 |
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合金管理論計算:
(外徑-壁厚)*壁厚*0.02483=每米的重量。
合金管的材質(zhì)大致有:16-50Mn、27SiMn、20-40Cr、12-42CrMo
16Mn 12Cr1MoV T91 27SiMn 30CrMo 15CrMo 20G Cr9Mo 10CrMo910 15Mo3 15CrMoV 35CrMoV 45CrMo
合金管的分類:
鈀合金管用于氫氣與雜質(zhì)的分離。
鈀管純化氫的原理是,在300—500℃下,把待純化的氫通入鈀管的一側(cè)時,氫被吸附在鈀管壁上,由于鈀的4d電子層缺少兩個電子,它能與氫生成不穩(wěn)定的化學(xué)鍵(鈀與氫的這種反應(yīng)是可逆的),在鈀的作用下,氫被電離為質(zhì)子其半徑為1.5×1015m,而鈀的晶格常數(shù)為3.88×10-10m(20℃時),故可通過鈀管,在鈀的作用下質(zhì)子又與電子結(jié)合并重新形成氫分子,從鈀管的另一側(cè)逸出。在鈀管表面,未被離解的氣體是不能透過的,故可利用鈀管獲得高純氫。雖然鈀對氫有獨特的透過性能,但純鈀的機械性能差,高溫時易氧化,再結(jié)晶溫度低,易使鈀管變形和脆化,故不能用純鈀作透過膜。在鈀中添加適量的IB族和Ⅷ族元素,制成鈀合金,可改善鈀的機械性能11.汽車半軸套管用無縫鋼管(GB3088-82)是制造汽車半軸套管及驅(qū)動橋橋殼軸管用的優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼和合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼熱軋無縫鋼管鈀合金中,銀約占20—30%,其他成分(如金等)的含量<5%。
當前應(yīng)用的鈀合金中,銀約占20—30%,其他成分(如金等)的含量<5%。氫透過鈀合金的速率與溫度、膜的厚度及滲透摸兩側(cè)的原料氫和純氫的壓力差(P)有關(guān)。升高溫度,增大P及減小膜的厚度,會使透氫速率增加。但溫度升高,將使?jié)B透膜的抗拉強度降低。因此,鈀管的使用溫度通??刂圃?50℃左右。某些雜質(zhì)可導(dǎo)致鈀中毒,使透氣性能變壞,甚至可使膜遭到破壞。能引起鈀中毒的物質(zhì)有:汞、砷化物、鹵化物、油蒸氣、含硫和含氨物質(zhì)以及粉塵等。鈀合金可制成管狀(稱為鈀管)或膜片(稱鈀膜)。
ABS合金管及專用冷熔膠就是其中之一廣泛使用于建筑給水和中央空調(diào)特別在建筑給水立管和中央空調(diào)用管中應(yīng)用具有.PC/ABS合金也可以制作汽車外裝件,如汽車車輪罩、反光鏡外殼、尾燈罩等。PC/ABS具有良好的成型性,可加工汽車大型部件,如汽車擋泥板。
合金管作為鋼鐵產(chǎn)品的重要組成部分,因其制造工藝及所用管坯形狀不同而分為無縫鋼管(圓坯)和焊接鋼管(板,帶坯)兩大類。
鈀管純化氫的原理是在300—500℃下把待純化的氫通入鈀管的一側(cè)時氫被吸附在鈀管壁上由于鈀的4d電子層缺少兩個電子它能與氫生成不穩(wěn)定的化學(xué)鍵(鈀與氫的這種反應(yīng)是可逆的)在鈀的作用下。
尺寸及允許偏差表偏差等級 | 標準化外徑允許偏差 |
D1 | ±1.5%,最小±0.75 mm |
D2 | ±1.0%。最小±0.50 mm |
D3 | ±0.75%.最小±0.30 mm |
D4 | ±0.50%。最小±0.10 mm |
合金管主要用于低中壓鍋爐(工作壓力一般不大于5.88Mpa,工作溫度在450℃以下)的受熱面管子;用于高壓鍋爐(工作壓力一般在9.8Mpa以上,工作溫度在450℃~650℃之間)的受熱面管子、省煤器、過熱器、再熱器、石化工業(yè)用管等.
高壓合金管牌號:15CrMoG、12Cr2MoG、12Cr1MoVG、12Cr2MoWVTiB、10Cr9Mo1VNb、SA210A1、SA210C、SA213 T11、SA213 T12、SA213 T22、SA213 T23、SA213 T91、SA213 T92、ST45.8/Ⅲ、15Mo3、13CrMo44、10CrMo910等.
合金規(guī)格表單位:Kg/m |
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壁厚 外徑 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 5.5 | 6 |
32 | 2.146 | 2.460 | 2.762 | 3.052 | 3.329 | 3.594 | 3.847 |
38 | 2.589 | 2.978 | 3.354 | 3.718 | 4.069 | 4.408 | 4.735 |
42 | 2.885 | 3.323 | 3.749 | 4.162 | 4.562 | 4.951 | 5.327 |
45 | 3.107 | 3.582 | 4.044 | 4.495 | 4.932 | 5.358 | 5.771 |
50 | 3.477 | 4.014 | 4.538 | 5.049 | 5.549 | 6.036 | 6.511 |
54 | 3.773 | 4.359 | 4.932 | 5.493 | 6.042 | 6.578 | 7.103 |
57 | 3.995 | 4.618 | 5.228 | 5.826 | 6.412 | 6.985 | 7.546 |
60 | 4.217 | 4.877 | 5.524 | 6.159 | 6.782 | 7.392 | 7.990 |
63.5 | 4.476 | 5.179 | 5.869 | 6.548 | 7.214 | 7.867 | 8.508 |
68 | 4.809 | 5.567 | 6.313 | 7.047 | 7.768 | 8.477 | 9.174 |
70 | 4.957 | 5.740 | 6.511 | 7.269 | 8.015 | 8.749 | 9.470 |
73 | 5.179 | 5.999 | 6.807 | 7.602 | 8.385 | 9.156 | 9.914 |
76 | 5.401 | 6.258 | 7.103 | 7.935 | 8.755 | 9.563 | 10.358 |
89 | 6.363 | 7.380 | 8.385 | 9.378 | 10.358 | 11.326 | 12.281 |
108 | 7.768 | 9.020 | 10.259 | 11.486 | 12.701 | 13.903 | 15.093 |
133 | 11.178 | 12.725 | 14.261 | 15.783 | 17.294 | 18.792 |
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159 | 13.422 | 15.290 | 17.146 | 18.989 | 20.821 | 22.639 |
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219 | 18.601 | 21.209 | 23.805 | 26.388 | 28.959 | 31.517 |
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273 | 23.262 | 26.536 | 29.797 | 33.046 | 36.283 | 39.508 |
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325 | 27.750 | 31.665 | 35.568 | 39.458 | 43.337 | 47.202 |
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355 | 38.897 | 43.158 | 47.406 | 51.641 |
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377 | 41.339 | 45.871 | 50.390 | 54.897 |
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426 | 46.777 | 51.913 | 57.036 | 62.147 |
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450 |
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480 |
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530 |
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630 |
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單位:Kg/m |
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壁厚 外徑 | 6.5 | 7 | 8 | 8.5 | 9 | 10 | 12 |
32 | 4.088 |
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38 | 5.049 |
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42 | 5.691 |
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45 | 6.172 |
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50 | 6.973 | 7.423 | 8.286 | 8.699 |
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54 | 7.614 | 8.114 | 9.075 | 9.538 |
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57 | 8.095 | 8.632 | 9.667 | 10.167 |
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60 | 8.576 | 9.149 | 10.259 | 10.796 |
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63.5 | 9.137 | 9.754 | 10.950 | 11.529 |
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68 | 9.858 | 10.530 | 11.838 | 12.473 |
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70 | 10.179 | 10.876 | 12.232 | 12.892 | 13.539 | 14.797 | 17.164 |
73 | 10.660 | 11.394 | 12.824 | 13.521 | 14.205 | 15.537 | 18.052 |
76 | 11.141 | 11.912 | 13.416 | 14.150 | 14.871 | 16.277 | 18.940 |
89 | 13.225 | 14.156 | 15.981 | 16.875 | 17.756 | 19.483 | 22.787 |
108 | 16.270 | 17.436 | 19.729 | 20.858 | 21.973 | 24.168 | 28.410 |
133 | 20.278 | 21.751 | 24.662 | 26.098 | 27.522 | 30.334 | 35.809 |
159 | 24.446 | 26.240 | 29.791 | 31.548 | 33.293 | 36.746 | 43.503 |
219 | 34.064 | 36.598 | 41.629 | 44.126 | 46.610 | 51.543 | 61.259 |
273 | 42.720 | 45.920 | 52.283 | 55.445 | 58.596 | 64.860 | 77.240 |
325 | 51.056 | 54.897 | 62.542 | 66.346 | 70.137 | 77.684 | 92.629 |
355 | 55.865 | 60.076 | 68.460 | 72.634 | 76.796 | 85.082 | 101.507 |
377 | 59.391 | 63.873 | 72.801 | 77.246 | 81.679 | 90.508 | 108.018 |
426 | 67.246 | 72.332 | 82.468 | 87.518 | 92.555 | 102.592 | 122.519 |
450 | 71.093 | 76.475 | 87.203 | 92.549 | 97.882 | 108.511 | 129.621 |
480 | 75.902 | 81.654 | 93.122 | 98.837 | 104.540 | 115.909 | 138.499 |
530 | 83.917 | 90.286 | 102.987 | 109.319 | 115.638 | 128.240 | 153.296 |
630 | 99.947 | 107.549 | 122.716 | 130.281 | 137.833 | 152.902 | 182 |
16Mn規(guī)格表
規(guī)格 | 規(guī)格 | 規(guī)格 | 規(guī)格 | 規(guī)格 | 規(guī)格 |
406*16 | 457*32 | 508*80 | 530*22 | 660*80 | 820*55 |
406*17 | 457*35 | 508*90 | 530*25 | 660*90 | 820*60 |
406*18 | 457*40 | 508*100 | 530*28 | 660*100 | 820*70 |
406*19 | 457*45 | 530*16 | 610*30 | 660*150 | 820*80 |
406*20 | 457*50 | 530*17 | 610*32 | 710*20 | 820*90 |
406*22 | 457*55 | 530*18 | 610*35 | 710*22 | 820*100 |
406*25 | 457*60 | 530*19 | 610*40 | 710*25 | 820*150 |
406*28 | 457*65 | 530*20 | 610*45 | 710*28 | 820*200 |
406*30 | 457*70 | 530*22 | 610*50 | 710*30 | 864*40 |
406*32 | 457*80 | 530*25 | 610*55 | 710*32 | 864*55 |
406*35 | 457*90 | 530*28 | 610*60 | 710*35 | 864*60 |
406*40 | 457*100 | 530*30 | 610*65 | 710*40 | 864*70 |
406*45 | 480*16 | 530*32 | 610*70 | 710*45 | 864*80 |
406*50 | 480*17 | 530*35 | 610*80 | 710*50 | 864*90 |
406*55 | 480*18 | 530*40 | 610*90 | 710*55 | 864*100 |
406*60 | 480*19 | 530*45 | 610*100 | 710*60 | 864*150 |
406*65 | 480*20 | 530*50 | 610*150 | 710*65 | 864*200 |
406*70 | 480*22 | 530*55 | 630*18 | 710*70 | 900*60 |
406*80 | 480*25 | 530*60 | 630*19 | 710*80 | 900*70 |
406*90 | 480*28 | 530*65 | 630*20 | 710*90 | 900*80 |
426*16 | 480*30 | 530*70 | 630*22 | 710*100 | 900*90 |
426*17 | 480*32 | 530*80 | 630*25 | 710*150 | 900*100 |
426*18 | 480*35 | 530*90 | 630*28 | 720*25 | 900*150 |